Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali): a traditional herb for men’s vitality and overall performance

Eurycoma longifolia, commonly known as Tongkat Ali, is a Southeast Asian medicinal plant traditionally used in Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand to support male vitality and overall well‑being. Modern supplements are typically standardized root extracts designed to deliver consistent levels of key bioactives.

Scientific interest focuses on quassinoids such as eurycomanone, which are considered primary contributors to Tongkat Ali’s effects. Early clinical and preclinical studies suggest potential benefits for sexual health, stress and hormone balance, energy, training performance, and general vitality—but high‑quality, larger human trials are still needed to define efficacy, dosing, and long‑term safety.

This article reviews what Tongkat Ali is, how it has been used traditionally, what modern research indicates about its potential benefits and side effects, and how to choose a quality extract.

Traditional uses and modern applications

In traditional Malay, Indonesian, and Thai medicine, Eurycoma longifolia root has been used to support male reproductive health, physical vigor, and resilience. Modern applications position standardized extracts for:

• Male vitality and libido support
• Stress management and healthy testosterone–cortisol balance
• Fertility parameters (e.g., sperm quality) in subfertile men
• Energy and training performance during demanding routines
• General well‑being and healthy aging support

Active compounds and mechanisms

Tongkat Ali’s root contains a diverse profile of quassinoids (notably eurycomanone), along with eurycomanol, eurycomalactone, and related compounds. Proposed mechanisms include:

• Modulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis and sex hormone binding dynamics (supporting healthy free testosterone in some contexts)
• Adaptogenic‑like effects on the stress response, potentially helping normalize elevated cortisol under stress
• Antioxidant and anti‑inflammatory activity in preclinical models
• Support for mitochondrial function and perceived energy in small human studies

Potential benefits supported by research

While findings are not uniform across all studies, peer‑reviewed research offers early evidence for several outcomes:

• Libido and sexual function: Small randomized and open‑label trials have reported improvements in sexual desire and erectile function in some men using standardized Tongkat Ali extracts.
• Testosterone/cortisol balance: In stressed adults, standardized extracts have been associated with modest increases in testosterone and reductions in cortisol, aligning with improved mood, vigor, and lower tension profiles.
• Male fertility parameters: Studies in subfertile men have observed improvements in sperm concentration, motility, and morphology after several weeks to months of supplementation.
• Training and body composition: Preliminary evidence suggests potential support for strength, fat‑free mass, and perceived recovery when paired with structured training; effects likely depend on extract quality, dose, and program consistency.

Important: Effects vary by individual, baseline hormone status, lifestyle, and the specific extract/standardization used. More large, well‑controlled human trials are needed.

Dosage, standardization, and how to choose a product

Quality matters. Look for products that clearly state extraction ratio and standardization. Common formats include:

• Standardized extracts: e.g., 100:1 or 200:1 extracts with specified eurycomanone content (often 0.8–2% or more, depending on brand). Transparent COAs (Certificates of Analysis) are a plus.
• Typical daily amounts: Frequently 200–400 mg/day of a high‑quality standardized extract, sometimes divided twice daily. Some protocols use 100–600 mg/day depending on standardization and tolerance.
• Cycling: Some users and practitioners prefer cycles (e.g., 5 days on/2 days off, or 8 weeks on/2–4 weeks off). Evidence on optimal cycling is limited; monitor how you feel and consult a professional.

Checklist for selection:

• Named botanical: Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali), root extract
• Extraction details: ratio and solvent; stated eurycomanone (or quassinoid) percentage
• Quality assurances: third‑party testing for identity, purity, heavy metals, and microbial limits
• Clear dosing guidance aligned with the product’s standardization

Safety, side effects, and interactions

In available human studies, standardized Tongkat Ali extracts are generally well tolerated at typical doses. Nonetheless, consider the following:

• Possible side effects: restlessness, sleep changes (especially if taken late), irritability, digestive discomfort in sensitive individuals
• Populations to avoid or use cautiously: pregnancy and breastfeeding; individuals with hormone‑sensitive conditions; those with cardiovascular, hepatic, or renal concerns should consult a clinician
• Medication interactions: Limited formal data; exercise caution if using medications affecting hormones, blood pressure, blood sugar, or liver enzymes; consult a healthcare professional
• Lab markers: If using long‑term, consider periodic checks of general health markers under medical guidance

As with any supplement, individual response varies. Start at the lower end of the suggested range to assess tolerance.

How to use Tongkat Ali for best results

• Pair with lifestyle: Quality sleep, resistance training, balanced nutrition, and stress management amplify potential benefits.
• Time your intake: Morning or earlier in the day may be preferable for those who notice increased alertness.
• Be consistent: Most studies observe effects after consistent use over several weeks.
• Track outcomes: Monitor energy, mood, libido, training performance, and (where appropriate) lab values.

Key takeaways

• Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali) is a traditional Southeast Asian root used to support male vitality and resilience.
• Quassinoids—especially eurycomanone—are key bioactives; standardized extracts with transparent testing are essential.
• Early research suggests potential benefits for libido, stress and hormone balance, fertility parameters, and training support.
• Safety appears favorable at typical doses for most healthy adults, but professional guidance is advised for those with medical conditions or on medications.

If you’re exploring Tongkat Ali, choose a reputable, standardized root extract and combine it with smart lifestyle practices. For product options and guidance from a brand specializing in traditional Thai remedies, visit our English site: Erawadee — Traditional Thai Medicine and Cosmetics.